Monday Blue Buster 每週一MBA生涯公益解惑日：超高階選校1

（本篇看似長文，其實後半都是學校的課名與說明。）

繼上篇，對於樓主這種能入無人之境，卻苦尋不著人生意義及領導動機的超級賽亞人，就會因為看似「挑戰不足」的英雄無用武之地，而出現像樓主這樣的垂頭喪志。其實主要問題有兩個：

一是尚未接觸過生涯管理專業，所導致的自我了解不足，以至於不知生涯方向與其意義，這部分可以用「生涯三要素（興趣技能、性格養成、專業技能培養）」來解決，會在下篇討論; 

二是所處環境並不是高端戰場，以至於殺雞用牛刀，才會「英雄無用武之地」。

這種時候，就會需要頂尖MBA，一方面戰場才夠高端，有夠大的戰場能讓超級賽亞人施展拳腳。

但其實另一方面在於：這種超大強度的人生領導哲學，已經探討到事物本質、甚至人生的本質哲學，甚至就算M7，也不到一半的學校有能力探討。這並不是一般學校教得來的。

這部分叫做「超高階選校」。

眾所皆知，商學院是在培養國際領導人的搖籃。

然而，一般商學院所教的領導力，多半是案例中的分析與技巧。

偏偏這些成功領導人所處的時空環境，並不是量化或質化分析就能一探究竟或複製的，而是在於複雜的人格養成，並且時勢造英雄，英雄造時勢。不然歷史上就不會只有一個喬丹，也不會只有一個賈伯斯或Lady Gaga了。

那麼還能怎麼辦呢？

當然還是要窮就一切人類已知的研究方法，來一窺領導力究竟。

這也是商學教育、甚至領導教育的根本意義。

領導力範疇極其龐大，並且這世界上沒人知道什麼叫做領導力，所以大家都在研究。

而有能力超脫管理技巧、而窮究領導力本質的學校沒有幾間，大概只有哈佛、史丹佛、耶魯、杜克等，有特殊專長琢磨領導力本質。

以下直接羅列這些學校的課程。

哈佛由於本身就是全球教學龍頭，因而反而比較窮究領導的目的與方法，比較少討論領導力本質，或許是需要領導的情境太多了，也或許是因為能力越強責任越重，因此沒有太多時間討論這個問題，當然還是有幾門經典課程。

哈佛有一門課叫做「Authentic Leader Development」，連結與說明如下，簡單說就是生涯三要素的最高境界：無欲則剛。

要達到如此境界，必須要窮究自身的生涯三要素：興趣技能分項為何？性格養成的認同動力學出自為何（多半是父母與手足）？

http://www.hbs.edu/coursecatalog/2090.html

If you spend time reflecting on some of the following challenges, you might consider taking ALD:

• I am 26 years old; I have lived for my resume. I am proud of what I have accomplished, but is that really all there is to it? What do I live for now?
• I seek public success and approval; my achievement masks deeper insecurities.
• I need to appear “strong” and “perfect.” I rarely open up or ask for help. These actions are signs of weakness to me.
• Why do I obsess about my image?
• Why am I afraid to tell you who I really am?
• I obsess about status and money, but don’t have the courage to pursue my personal passions. I’m not even sure anymore what they are.

Course Premise:

To the extent that you have a clearer sense of:

who you are, your life story, your values & principles, your motivations and passions, your leadership purpose, your True North.

When it comes time to lead you will be more likely to:

1) step up,

2) lead effectively, and

3) live a more integrated & meaningful life.

事實上，根據筆者長年生涯諮商經驗所彙整的「情緒流體理論」，人的個性來自求生過程的制約，透過「四定律、四本能」的流體運動規則，可以有效找出每個人的具體生涯驅力與目標。

同時，會發現每個人從當前境界與生涯目標之間所欠缺的領導力技能都不同，而需要客製化培訓或選校。

哈佛還有其他幾門相對接近的課程，如：

The Moral Leader

Creating Shared Value: Competitive Advantage through Social Impact

Reimagining Capitalism: Business and Big Problems

Managing, Organizing & Motivating for Value

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而Yale因為其自身也是責任重大，但由於學校品牌人格上較為深層，因此有較多對領導力本質的討論。

在學校的Mission & Objectives中，其中一個關鍵是 Leadership & Teams，概略分為「修身、齊家、治國、平天下」的概念。

其中修身Individual:

Develop the individual skills, knowledge, and expertise to deeply understand your industry and organization. Understand your own values, strengths, and weaknesses. Get the insights into negotiation and human behavior that you need to communicate and persuade.

然後到Team，再到Organization，最後到Global & Society

其中有位關鍵人物叫做 Prof. Amy Wrzesniewski，常年出產大量關於工作滿足與使命的相關研究，包含以下課程與研究：

Jobs, Careers, and Callings: People’s Relations to Their Work

http://faculty.som.yale.edu/amywrzesniewski/documents/Jobscareersandcallings.pdf

重點內容有：

- Callings

- Career as a calling

- On the meaning of work: A theoretical integration and review 

Careers and callings: How work meanings shape job transitions;

- How work shapes well-being

- If I could turn back time: Occupational regret and its consequences for work and life

- Being valued and devalued at work: A social valuing perspective

- Job crafting and cultivating positive meaning and identity in work

- I won't let you down or will I? Core self-evaluations, other-orientation, anticipated guilt and gratitude, and job performance

- Turn the job you have into the job you want

- Interpersonal sensemaking and the meaning of work

- Courage and work: Breaking routines to improve performance

- It's Not Just a Job

而耶魯的Leadership Thinking and Practice訓練，則是由小而大做練習：

1. Individual Level
   examples: Values and leadership commitments, knowledge of personal strengths and weaknesses
2. Interpersonal/Team Level
   examples: Giving/receiving feedback, emotional intelligence, communication, diversity
3. Organizational Level
   examples: Developing and implementing vision and strategy, organizational design and organizational culture
4. Global Level
   examples: Building and sustaining community, ethics, social responsibility and accountability, cultural awareness

Leadership Fundamentals: 

"...about leading yourself. Content will be drawn from the field of applied social psychology and will include information on basic adult development, leader development processes, and the effect of major life events on development and leadership. Self-development, self-regulation, and goal setting comprise a major design element and focus of the course.”

還有Designing & Leading Organizations課程，算是進階版。

（待續）

Sincerely,

David Lee